Overview and Evaluation of the Smart Grid

Outline and Evaluation of the Smart Grid The Smart Grid, Smart City Program was seemingly one of the amplest extending innovation appraisals of keen lattice items on the planet. It saw: The sending and testing of a few brilliant in-framework and client focussed innovation groupings over the Ausgrid system and EnergyAustralia retail business in New South Wales Examined the effects and advantages of extra circulated age and appropriated stockpiling arrangements Involved roughly 17,000 power clients in shopper focussed preliminaries inspecting how private clients could add to top interest the executives through conduct changes The Smart Grid, Smart City Program concentrated on private clients, as they speak to the biggest client bunch in Australia, and for the most part have more carefulness over when and how much vitality they use. Little was known before the Smart Grid, Smart City preliminaries about how clients saw, or how they may react to, the open doors that savvy matrix advancements offer. Most private power clients in Australia are as of now furnished with constrained data and not many motivations and instruments to deal with their local power use. A quarterly power bill is the primary wellspring of client input, and this solitary shows the aggregate sum of vitality utilized during the past a quarter of a year, restricting the chances to deliberately adjust conduct so as to set aside power and cash. In view of the preliminaries embraced, this last Smart Grid, Smart City report, Shaping Australias Energy Future: National Cost Benefit Assessment found the potential for a net monetary advantage of up to $28 billion ($2014) throughout the following 20 years from the arrangement of savvy matrix innovations in Australia. This report exhibits that there are four key viewpoints to understanding these advantages and improving buyer valuing results: Technological turn of events and arrangement of empowering (brilliant matrix) innovations The presentation of cost intelligent power estimating including dynam ic duties Consumer conduct change concerning power utilization (to all the more likely deal with any future development in top interest) Energy advertise reform4 (numerous parts of which are now in progress) Realizing the potential advantages requires a coordinated arrangement on the off chance that any one angle isn't actualized, at that point the degree of net national monetary advantages accessible will be diminished. A huge extent of the net advantages recognized can be gotten from the financial arrangement of various in-framework advancements which improve operational effectiveness, decrease capital speculation (through better overseeing top interest) and convey improved unwavering quality for buyers at a lower cost. There are immense contrasts across Australias power framework, from exceptionally populated rural territories to meagerly populated provincial zones, and distinctive shrewd lattice advancements are more qualified in various conditions. For those Australians living in rural territories, there are critical expected advantages from sure in-matrix innovations. In like manner, for less thickly populated rustic systems, there are elective in-matrix advancements which can help with improving the unwavering quality and cost of dealing with the lattice. Savvy framework can just be characterized as the sending of Information innovation and furthermore correspondence innovation with the point of improving the manner in which power is produced, moved, conveyed and put away. Across Australia, the appropriation and the retail esteem tie components basically makes up the savvy lattice framework. Nonetheless, the effect likewise cut across how power is produced and transmitted. In this report, the savvy lattice brilliant city program which was subsidized by the Australian Government will be analyzed. The shrewd framework study concentrated basically on private dissemination arrange and furthermore with the presentation of a server farm for data preparing. Keen network innovation discover application in a few purposes which can be assembled into client side application, key empowering application, matrix side application, renewables, conveyed vitality and electric vehicles, information assortment, preparing and back-office. A few sensible l ayers can likewise be utilized to speak to every one of the applications which could be customary force frameworks hardware, correspondences organize, processing ability, and furthermore brilliant network application layer. The Smart Grid Smart City (SGSC) program is one of the biggest shrewd matrix extends on the planet. It was declared in 2009 by the Australian government with the point of executing savvy framework innovation at an enormous scope in accordance with the National Energy Efficiency Initiative (NEEI). It happen to be the main huge scope shrewd network venture in Australia which was executed by Ausgrid and its accomplices. The undertaking was planned for displaying the significance of the sending of shrewd matrix innovation in business scale, building both open and corporate attention to the financial and ecological advantages of brilliant networks, assembling a detailed information with the point of illuminating more extensive industry usage regarding the different ut ilizations of savvy framework across Australia, and furthermore to explore the communication with other existing foundation. Such huge numbers of preliminaries were inspected in the program which incorporates the sending of keen meter foundation, appropriated age and conveyed stockpiling, and furthermore the use of electric vehicles in the Australias power dissemination organize. Such huge numbers of preliminaries were sent in the program. Some portion of the preliminaries that is important to me is the sending of the brilliant meter foundation. This preliminary involves the establishment of shrewd meter at different private structures. The different parts that make up the brilliant meter foundation are the correspondence advancements for data move to and from the shrewd meters correspondence unit, the meter the board framework, home-office operational frameworks. (Vitality Australia, Sydney Water and different accomplices) and furthermore the client procurement application. With th e arrangement of savvy meter, information for power utilization, stockpiling and conveyance were acquired for taking an interest family unit. Another interesting piece of the Smart Grid Smart City program is the appropriated age and conveyed stockpiling work stream which was started with the point of giving basic information and data to help comprehend the ramifications of more noteworthy entrance of the mix of circulated stockpiling and age related to other shrewd network innovations. Notwithstanding the previously mentioned, the electric vehicles venture is likewise a piece of the Smart Grid Smart City program I discover fascinating and it was planned for understanding the expected effect of the use of electric vehicles in Australias power appropriation arrange.

Customer Relationship Management at Ford Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 13

Client Relationship Management at Ford - Essay Example As indicated by the administration, the achievement or disappointment of our business relies on the customer critical thinking and keeping up sound client connections. Guaranteeing consumer loyalty is the key rule for making the business a triumph on the grounds that fulfilled clients are the ones’ who will return again to purchase the items, they are less responsive to the contender's commercial and they will expand the believability of the firm by viral promoting (Importance of Customer Satisfaction). Then again, client issues will cost the organization regarding lost deals; it will likewise hamper future buys by the clients. What's more, will cause a negative verbal conduct. When a client is disappointed and is lost in an opposition it turns out to be exceedingly hard to get him back to the brand once more. Client maintenance is the way in to a prosperous business and as indicated by the Pareto’s Principle, 80% of your business will originate from the 20% of the clie nts. Consequently, it is significant not exclusively to hold client yet additionally to impart consumer loyalty. So Ford needs to address the customers’ issues and issues adequately and effectively to ensure they don’t miss out their clients to the opposition.  As an outcome, the customary way of thinking that says a client is a lord is as yet relevant to cutting edge strategic approaches. Client relations at Ford are contained two unique channels, in particular, end clients and vendors (Cisco).

5 Benefits of Guest Blogging You Should Know

5 Benefits of Guest Blogging You Should Know Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Benefits of Guest Blogging You Should KnowUpdated On 05/01/2016Author : Kuldeep KhatriTopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/1gGuQ6T CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogNowadays every blogger knows the importance of Guest Blogging. It has been playing a major role for growing your blog business and expanding it in the Internet World. But still lot people deny this important part of their blogging career.They avoid Guest Blogging. In simple words, Guest Blogging is an art of publishing your post on any other persons blog. No matter how is your blogs condition or it belongs to an individual or many authors, Guest Blogging is always beneficial.Most newbies or most individuals are still confused that they should write for other blogs or not. So, I am listing below 5 benefits for writing for other blogs i.e. Guest Blogging.5 Benefits of Guest Blogging1. Targeted and Quali ty TrafficNo one can deny the fact that Guest Blogging brings to you a lot of traffic. However, the best part of it is visitors of another blogs come to know about your blog by this process as you are given a backlink for submitting a post on any blog. As such, you are most likely to get unique visits to your blog. However, if your posts get published on a big blog, then you are most likely to receive huge traffic. However, this thing also depends upon the Quality of your post. By targeted traffic, I mean that if you own a Technology blog, you are most likely to submit Guest Post on a Technology blog. This mutual exchange of information helps to bring traffic from a different blog which brings you targeted Traffic.2. ExposureEveryone likes to be famous. Isnt it?? However, Guest Blogging helps to build an authority over the Internet people from different blogs and helps you your blog to be famous. Guest Blogging helps you to bring exposure to you and your blog. It make your blog a Big brand and helping you to create high Impact over the Internet World. Let us consider this as you have published your post on two blogs. One gives you 100 visits and other gives you 50 visits. As a result, we conclude that your blog has been exposed to 150 people which gave your blog Targeted Traffic and Exposure. Guest blogging helps to be popular quickly.READ5 Headline Tips That Will Blow Your Reader's Mind3. Improve Your Writing SkillsWe know that its the experience only which helps a person to decide what is right and what is wrong. However, when I was new to Blogging, most of my posts got rejected. Then I started from some small blogs and later on the process moved on and I became quite good at my writing skills. This is what The more you write, the more you learn. So, to improve our writing skills, we should be focused on our topics, try optimizing our posts for SEO and readers both which a quite hard process. Most bloggers will accept your Guest Posts only if they find you r article at least better to some extent that readers find it useful. For that, you need to improve your writing skills.4. Get More BacklinksWhenever we submit a guest post on another blog, we get backlinks in the author bio and even sometimes in the post. Most bloggers include their blogs link to get some essential backlinks. You need to be smarter in this thing. You should include your site keywords properly so as to increase your Search Engine Visibility and rank higher with your rankings. These backlinks can also result to increase in your Pagerank. Good Pagerank means more Search Referrals and Good amount of organic traffic which is really most and needed.5. Know what people think about your postsPeople that share views are different from blog to blog. Your blog visitors might take your posts in a different manner and others may too. However, you should be aware of the fact that what are the reaction of others about your posts, you must know that you are appreciated or you are criticized for your posts. However, Guest blogging can help you to know about this thing because people from other blogs may not know about and your blog, so you are most likely to get a honest opinion from them.So, after reading my these posts, you would like to write for other blogs and gain Exposure, Traffic, Backlinks, Better Writing Skills and opinions. Guest Blogging is the best way to build authority and market your blog in the Internet World.

Find Out What the Word Punic Means

Basically, Punic refers to the Punic people, i.e., the Phoenicians. It is an ethnic label. The English term Punic comes from the Latin Poenus. Should we be using the term Carthaginian (a civic label referring to the city of North Africa the Romans called ​Carthago) or Punic when referring to the people of northern Africa fighting in the wars with Rome known as the Punic Wars, since Punic can refer to cities elsewhere, like Utica? Here are two articles that elaborate this confusion and may help you, too: Poenus Plane Est - But Who Were the Punickes?Jonathan R. W. PragPapers of the British School at Rome, Vol. 74, (2006), pp. 1-37The Use of Poenus and Carthaginiensis in Early Latin Literature,George Fredric FrankoClassical Philology, Vol. 89, No. 2 (Apr., 1994), pp. 153-158 The Greek term for Punic is ÃŽ ¦ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¯ÃŽ ºÃŽ µÃâ€š Phoenikes (Phoenix); whence, Poenus. The Greeks did not distinguish between western and eastern Phoenicians, but the Romans did -- once those western Phoenicians in Carthage started to compete with the Romans. Phoenicians in the period from 1200 (dates, as on most pages of this site, are B.C./B.C.E.) until the conquest by Alexander the Great in 333, lived along the Levantine coastline (and so, they would be considered eastern Phoenicians). The Greek term for all the Semitic Levantine peoples was ÃŽ ¦ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¯ÃŽ ºÃŽ µÃâ€š Phoenikes. After the Phoenician diaspora, Phoenician was used to refer to Phoenician people living west of Greece. Phoenician was not, in general, users of the western area until the Carthaginians came to power (mid-6th century). The term Phoenicio-Punic is sometimes used for the areas of Spain, Malta, Sicily, Sardinia, and Italy, where there was a Phoenician presence (this would be the western Phoenicians). Carthaginian is used specifically for Phoenicians who lived in Carthage. The Latin designation, without value-added content, is Carthaginiensis or Afer since Carthage was in northern Africa. Carthage and African are the geographic or civic designations. Prag writes: The basis of the terminological problem is that, if Punic replaces Phoenician as the general term for the western Mediterranean subsequent to the mid-sixth century, then that which is Carthaginian is Punic, but that which is Punic is not necessarily Carthaginian (and ultimately all is still Phoenician). In the ancient world, the Phoenicians were notorious for their trickiness, as is shown in the expression from Livy 21.4.9 about Hannibal: perfidia plus quam punica (treachery more than Punic).

From Extravagant Movie Theatres to Lowly Bomba Houses...

ABSTRACT Title: From extravagant movie theaters to lowly bomba houses: Investigating the degeneration of city spaces along Claro M. Recto Avenue, Manila There is a lack of understanding about the overall process of degeneration of city spaces in the Philippine setting, specifically along Claro M. Recto Avenue, Manila. This study addresses this concern by suggesting a functionalist approach, using the theories of Durkheim and Merton, in analyzing the negative consequences and implications of massive urbanization and gentrification along the aforementioned street. By using an exploratory qualitative research design, this particular study tries to give light to the process of deterioration and in essence, be of significance to†¦show more content†¦Indeed, the once cultured street lost its glamour and became one of the most dangerous and most crowded streets in all of Manila. Statement of the Problem/Research Questions The study examines the process of degeneration in general, and specifically among city spaces, establishments, such as bomba houses, and institutions along Claro M. Recto Avenue, Manila. It likewise determines the various factors and variables that are associated with the process of deterioration. Overall, the study aims to answer the question: how do city spaces (along Claro M. Recto Avenue) degenerate through time? Specifically, it aims to provide for answers to the following subquestions: What are the changes that have occurred from the perspective and experience of those who are affiliated or have worked under bomba houses, other establishments and institutions across C.M. Recto Avenue? What are the factors that have caused the apparent contrast in experience? How do the people adapt or respond to the changes ushered in by the process of modernization and gentrification of Recto Avenue? Significance of the Study This particular study is of great help in filling for the lack of local literature and understanding of the process of degeneration particularly of city spaces along Recto. This study also highlights the various consequences of modernity, specifically the negative implications of rapid social change brought

Nsa s Surveillance On U.s. Spy Programme - 1250 Words

The NSA is an agency that started surveillance on U.S. citizens and people around the world after 9/11 occurred to ensure the nation’s security. The goal of the NSA is to ultimately protect citizens of the U.S. and to keep a massive terrorist event from occurring in the country again. The NSA collected numerous amounts of data on people to find any type of threat that could lead to the distress of the country, but citizens were not aware of this surveillance. The NSA’s secret was eventually exposed and left not only U.S. citizens, but countries around the world outraged. As mentioned in the article, Edward Snowden: Leaks That Exposed US Spy Programme, by BBC News, â€Å"The scandal broke in early June 2013 when the Guardian newspaper†¦show more content†¦The problem is that the NSA clearly has the resources and ability to place surveillance on people, so even though there is some reform, it is still unknown as to what they are doing in secret. The NSA and the government seem to be making changes from the outside, but on the inside they can still continue to get information as they please because of the access they already have in place. Edward Snowden was a man who worked for the NSA and exposed all of the information that the NSA was accessing from U.S. citizens and those people around the world. Through his actions Snowden did break the law, â€Å"He has been charged with theft of government property, unauthorized communication of national defense information and willful communication of classified communications intelligence† (BBC News). Even though Snowden knew he would be charged for his actions, he still wanted to do the right thing and expose to the people what the NSA was doing. Snowden was looking at the information that was being collected and realized it was not necessary to keep Americans safe. Instead, collecting this information was abruptly digging into their lives and going against their rights as human be ings. When this information was exposed, the citizens wanted the government and the NSA to ultimately change what exactly they were accessing and how they were accessing it. This event that SnowdenShow MoreRelatedGovernment Surveillance5539 Words   |  23 PagesGovernment Surveillance Imagine a world where your every move was being monitored. A dark world where it is no secret who you are, where you have been and who you associate with; now include who you love, who you pray to and what you just ate for dinner. The word privacy doesn’t exist in such world and it is such world that we are heading to.â€Å"Big Brother is watching you!† This quote by George Orwell couldn’t have been truer. Every aspect of our lives is being sorted through as Big Data this very

Dangers of Texting while Driving free essay sample

Drivers should not be allowed to use cellular devices while operating vehicles because it may increase the rate of car accident. I also think that their should be a law to completely band cell phone usage while driving. Cell phones are a big distraction while driving because many want to answer a text or call right then and then they lose all focus on what they are doing. Drivers need to be alert at all times in the event of on coming accident that can be avoided. Many new cars today have phones that are hands free and that is a lot safer than most cell phones. Despite the risks, the majority of teen drivers ignore cell phone driving restriction because they just think they are so cool and they know what they are doing until they get into a car accident. Using a cell phone while driving has caused many car accident, many don’t understand how distracting a phone can be. We will write a custom essay sample on Dangers of Texting while Driving or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When driving you need all your sense, so if your texting or on the phone it takes away some of those sense and is more likely to get in a car accident. Also when texting many are not even looking at the road. So you cant see what’s coming or around you. So if your texting your not paying attention. Talking on a cell phone while driving can make a young drivers reaction time very slow. Similarly when texting it causes driver to take their eyes of the road, many use two hand to text. Many today are taught how to drive with two hands and if trying to talk while driving they take one hand off the wheel to hold the phone which makes the steering wheel feel heavier. This is a problem because it makes the car harder to control. Also for those who try to hold the phone between their head and shoulder it puts them physically off balance and it makes the phone more prone to drop. Which your mind and bodies first reaction would be to pick it up making you take your eyes off the road they may think that it would only be a quick second but even in that short amount of time an accident could happen.

Creation of Pakistan

The partitioning of the Indian subcontinent led to the foundation of Pakistan as a predominantly separate state for Muslims and established a sectarian boundary with the Republic of India, which became predominantly Hindu.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Creation of Pakistan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main explanation for the creation of Pakistan was the need to protect the Muslims from oppression and discrimination they faced as a minority group in predominantly Hindu regions, and provide an environment favorable to the practice of Islam. Pakistan inherited a system of governance based on the British legal code that had been in force during the colonial regime. The adoption of the Objectives Resolution in 1949 marked the onset of the transformation of Pakistan into an Islamic state because the resolution led to the inclusion of Islamic laws and teachings in various aspects of implementation of future l aws in Pakistan. Another major undertaking that encouraged the transformation of Pakistan into an Islamic state was the declaration of Islam as the official religion in 1956 based on the consideration that a significant percentage of people in Pakistan practiced Islam (Cohen 41). Furthermore, the creation and adoption of the first constitution of Pakistan provided a foundation upon which an Islamic state could thrive. The constitution describes the structuring of the Senate and National Assembly and creates slots meant for representatives of women and minority religious groups.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this regard, unlike during the era of the Muslim League, where accommodation of other religious groups was minimal, all-inclusive systems are evident in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan as parliament made a consideration for minority religions and allowed free pr actice of other religious beliefs. The analysis of the evolution of Pakistan from a Muslim state to an Islamic state requires an understating of transformations in the form of governance and restructuring of institutions based on the Islamic religious law. The aspect of Pakistan being an Islamic state is evident in the purpose of its initial leaders to seek for the creation of a predominant Muslim state and the reign of Mohammed Ali who was the president of the Muslim League, which largely supported the division of the state of Bengal based on religious lines (Jaffrelot 137). While the Indian National Congress (NIC) opposed the creation of regions based on religion, the Muslim League sought to establish a system that would safeguard the rights of Muslims. As the rift between INC and the Muslim League increased, as evident by the failure of the two groups to join against the British in the 1930s, leaders of the Muslim League embarked on plans to establish a Muslim state. The pursuit of a separate Muslim state led to the eruption of sectarian civil conflict in India that pitted Hindus against Muslims and remained unresolved despite the calls for an untied India by Lord Louis. To end the conflict that was spiraling out of control, Lord Louis agreed to the demands of the Muslim League and formed two separate states.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Creation of Pakistan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the relationship in various aspects of a Muslim state and Islamic state such as the dominance of Islamic laws and teachings, the characteristic of Pakistan as an Islamic state started to emerge with the incorporation of Islamic law within the structure of the parliamentary democracy in Pakistan. In this regard, democratic electoral institutions and the existence of popular sovereignty in Pakistan highlight the features of an Islamic state. Works Cited Cohen, Stephen P, The idea of Pakistan , Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2004. Print. Jaffrelot, Christophe, A history of Pakistan and its origins, London: Anthem, 2004. Print. This essay on Creation of Pakistan was written and submitted by user Arielle Harper to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essays

Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essays Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essay Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essay Effect of Temperature on the action of LipaseAimThe aim of this experiment is to find out how the temperature effects the action of lipase.Method* A glass beaker was taken and filled with about halfway with water.* The water was then heated to 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c* Into a boiling tube 5 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of milk, 7 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of sodium carbonate and a few drops of Phenothalin were placed.* The boiling tube was placed into the water for a few minutes so it could warm to the temperature of the water.* Then 1 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of lipase was added and the stopwatch started.* When the reaction had finished (i.e. the milk wasnt pink anymore) the stopwatch was stopped and the time recorded.* Other groups did different temperatures and all the results were shared.Apparatus* Boiling tube* Milk* Sodium carbonate* Lipase (5% conc.)* Phenothalin* Glass beaker* Tripod* Gauze* Bunsen burner* Heat proof mat* Thermometer* Stop watchPredictionI think that the 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c experiment will have the fasted reaction rate because it is the closest to body temperature where the enzymes naturally work. At 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c I predict that there will be no reaction because the enzymes will be de-natured because it is so hot. And at 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c I predict there will also be no reaction as it will be too cold for the enzymes to work.Variables* Amount of milk 5 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½* Amount of sodium Carbonate 7 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½* Amount of lipase 1 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½* Heat 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 13à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½cResultsTemperature (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c)1st time (s)2nd time (s)Average (s)0(No result)(No result)N/A13671757714302282513535095111103100(No result)(No result)N/AAnalysisThe results and the graph clearly show that at 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c and at 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c a reaction did no take place. At 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c the lipase was denatured but at 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c it was just too cold for it to react quickly enough for it too be seen. The results also show that at 50à ¯Ã ‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c the reaction is the quickest and so therefore proved me wrong, as I believed that 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c would be the temperature that the lipase reacted quickest at, but it wasnt.The experiment went well and some good results came from it. It would be interesting to try more different temperatures and so then a better more accurate graph would be achieved, it would also be interesting to find out the point at which the lipase is actually denatured (i.e. the highest temperature that the lipase can work at). And if I were to do further work on these experiments I would most definitely choose to go down that line of experiments. It would create some interesting results.

UK Commercial Law Scenarios and Questions Essay

UK Commercial Law Scenarios and Questions - Essay Example An implied agency under the agency by estoppel was created between Tom and Jerry since it was a verbal appointment. 1 An agency by estoppel states that whereas an agency can in general arise by the will of the principal, he may nevertheless so conduct himself leading another to believe that someone is his agent and he is then estopped from denying this fact. For instant, if a person is allows another to order goods on his behalf and always pays for them, then he will be estopped from denying the authority to a third person who relied on the appearance. (Emerson, 2003) This agency by estoppel is as effective as an agency intentionally created. The rule of estoppel is based on the principle of holding out and is not confined to contracts of employment only. (Jertz and Miller, 2004) Since there existed an agency relationship between Tom and Jerry, Tom need to be advised that Jerry might bring a case against him for refusing to accept the Land Rover he bought on his behalf knowing very well that Tom would be very happy with the purchase. Since Jerry was engaged to act as an agent by Tom (principal) whereby he ordered and paid for animal feed on his behalf we can say that Tom acted for undisclosed principal. When he was ordering the animal feed for Tom, he would not have disclosed that he was an agent engaged by Tom since they would not have sold the animal feeds for them because Tom had been banned from their premises. Tom on the other hand needs to be aware that, since his goat had ran amok causing a lot damages to the animal feeds supplier, a case can be brought against him. The animal feed supplier may sue him for trespass by cattle under the law of tort. A trespass by cattle of a person we usually treated as if he has committed it himself. If a man's cattle, poultry, sheep or goats trespass on another's land, the owner of such animals becomes liable for trespass and must pay damages for the damages caused to the plaintiff's crops or property. If the cattle trespassed without causing any damage, the owner is still liable to pay damages because trespass is actionable per se. 4 A relevant case studied under trespass by cattle is that of:- Anderson v. Buckton of 1815 In this case, the defendant's cattle affected by contagious disease trespassed on an adjoining pasture and infected the plaintiff's cattle. It was held that the defendant was liable for damage arising from the spread

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 57

Art - Essay Example The dark paintings illustrates the dark moments that were being experienced at that time. The artist tried to bring out the real situation in his society. The picture shows the status quo of the time in Honduras . This was the period that the massacre happened and so the artist has tried to depict the real situation of how the leader was comfortably sited while the nation was at war. The picture captures the hearty vitality that the painting shows. Via strong and concrete auditory and visual images and through the strong measured rhythm, it reveals that situation was worse and yet leaders were not in control of it. th picture is ironical to the real situation as the leader was supposed to to be at ease at such an alarming war situation. The picture can be described mage that focuses on a painting of warfare where a community or village participates in an aggressive manner. . The picture utilizes onomatopoeia to try and make the painting appear real. It can be deduced that the annoying sounds in the paintings can be used to help describe the violent aspect of the situation as further as endorsed by the colors. The picture was intended to show critical moments and records of events and details of the history people’s life during that time. It intends to shade more light on the painting by showing that people preserve their hope and depict determination to persevere hard conditions. That is the message that is contained in this painting as presented by the painter. Through the work, it is easy to learn and understand more about war life of that period and the people who inhabited it.. The painter had in his mind a moral slant in that lust, anger and gluttony are vividly seen in the painting. More so, the picture reveals the painters intention of bringing out the message that despite having leaders, the situation was wanting. This picture cannot understand support its themes without referring to the art work because the theme

Robert Frosts “Mending Wall” Essay Example for Free

Robert Frosts â€Å"Mending Wall† Essay The â€Å"Mending Wall† by Robert Frost is forty five lines long and is structured into a single paragraph verse. There are no stanzas and visually looks like and metaphorical represents a wall. Frosts writes this poem in first person with the use of â€Å"I† which makes the poem narrative – as if the narrator is speaking directly to the reader. The intimate conversation happening between the narrator and the reader is further supported by the use of presence tense in the text of the poem and the casual speech of the narrator. The â€Å"Mending Wall† is literally about a physical wall that lies between his far and his neighbors farm. The narrator walks along the decaying wall describing in detail the nature and structure of the wall. He often compares the wall to himself and his neighbor. The narrator ponders again and again â€Å"what makes good neighbors†. The narrator plays with the idea that perhaps the wall between their farms is the key to a great relationship. This implies that for people to maintain a safe and proper relationship they must be isolate from each other. Through the use of vivid imagery Frost explores how people relate to each other and suffer through isolation. The central image in the â€Å"Mending Wall† is the wall itself. As the wall decays, the narrator and his neighbor repair, which maintains their relationship. However, the wall is also used by Frost as an symbol. The wall symbolism the metaphoric wall which human build to keep themselves safe and other out. Frost asserts that â€Å"There were it is we do not need the wall† (23) implying that while emotional wall exists, they are not needed. He believes that â€Å"something there is that doesnt love a wall† (1). Narrator cleverly explores that idea that if people were truthful with themselves they would have to confess they do not like the wall which separates one life from another. Perhaps this is the reason for the falling stones and the constant decay of the wall over time. Frost has the unique ability to bring together metaphysical thought and the beautiful New England landscape in rhyming text. There are several minor images within the poem which add to the mood and tone of the poem. The setting of the poem is springtime and can be seen in â€Å"frozen ground swell† (2), â€Å"spring mending time† (11), â€Å"in the sun† (3), and â€Å"spring is the mischief in me† (28). Spring is the time when life begins anew and there is great hope for the future. Frost, through the use of imagery, explores the theme of human isolation and asserts that â€Å"walls†, emotional or physical, need not exist. That â€Å"something† in the universe hates these walls and actively works to destroy them which is why the physical wall in the poem is in need of constant repair. Through the narrators casual speech, Frost advices the reader that perhaps he or she should take into consideration the subtle hints and let the walls between human souls be destroyed. Work Cited Frost, Robert. The Mending Wall Literature and the Writing Process. Comp. Elizabeth McHahan. New York: Prentice-Hall , 2005. 449.

RMB recent development :: essays research papers

Update for Recent development in Chinese Yuan 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The expectation or speculation about a Chinese Yuan revaluation started from the beginning of 2003. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why we say 2003? Because the Non-deliverable forward of USD against Chinese Yuan started to fall into discount from premium at the beginning of 2003. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Non-deliverable forward is a type of derivative in the foreign exchange market where by the home currency is not delivered (or settled, transferred) at maturity, instead the difference of market rate against the contract rate is settled with a reference currency (usually USD). 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China has a very restricted money market and therefore commercial loans are not readily accessible in short tenor such as overnight or 1 week, the most common interest rate benchmark in China is a 1-year bank lending rate, which currently stands at 5.31%, if we compare the Chinese interest rate with the US rate of the same tenor (1 Year US rate is approximately 2.35%), in foreign exchange market, assumed that Chinese Yuan is convertible, the USD should be at a premium against the Chinese Yuan. In the non-deliverable market, however, the USD is trading at a discount against Chinese Yuan after January 2003, which obviously is not logical from an interest arbitrage point of view. The reason is that the assumption that Chinese Yuan is freely convertible is void, the USD discount ( for instance 1-year non-deliverable forward discount of USD is 2400 pips or 0.24 Yuan) is an implied expectation of Chinese Yuan revaluation in one year’s time as perceived by the m arket. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The expectation that Chinese Yuan would appreciate and happen in foreseeable future was advocated by major US Investment Bank such as Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. International organizations such as IMF started to talk more about the issue ever since 2 years ago. In the recent years, there was a very fast expansion of Chinese export into the United State. The most recent number of US July trade deficit announced last Friday was $50.1 billion, though lower than the June historical record of $55.8, still formed as a threat for financing of these huge deficit through capital account surplus by the US. Furthermore, the July US trade deficit with China set another monthly record at $14.9 billion as imports increased 3.7% from June and exports fell 2.6%. US manufacturers and politician still blamed China’s policy of pegging its currency against the US dollar for the soaring bilateral deficit.

The Emerging Concept of Disposition in Education

In the article written by Renee L. Taylor and M. Mark Wasicsko entitled â€Å"The Disposition to Teach†, it is state that there is an emerging concern for the role that disposition plays in being an effective teacher (2000). By effective, the authors mean a dynamic and well-rounded human being that can bring changes to the lives of people through education and learning and is also a master of the methods in teaching (Taylor and Wasicsko, 2000).On the other hand, the term disposition is that which means to be the â€Å"personal qualities or characteristics that are possessed by individuals, including attitudes, beliefs, interests, appreciation, values, and mode of adjustment† (Taylor and Wasicsko, 2000). It can be concluded that disposition has a relationship with level of effectiveness in teaching. Moreover, Taylor and Wasicsko enumerated different dispositions that are related to effectiveness in teaching (2000). The authors made a review of the past literature regardi ng dispositions and compiled these qualities in the text.They are concerned with relationships with peers, students, views on teaching, views on students, views on self, interpersonal relations, and intrapersonal relations (Taylor and Wasicsko, 2000). However, an effective tool for measurement is yet to be determined that will add to those being used as of the moment such as student teacher journals for preservice teachers, Perceptual Rating Scales, written human relations incidents, and interviews (Taylor and Wasicsko, 2000).Moreover, there is an on-going call for the dispositions related to effective education to be introduced in educational learning institutions, one of which is in the University of Northern Iowa and other Iowa colleges are starting to follow (Taylor and Wasicsko, 2000). Inevitably, the role of disposition as related to effective teaching will have an impact in initial certification programs. Valid and reliable criteria and predictors of disposition that are rela ted to effective teaching will have to be formulated, examined, and reformulated to ensure that these dispositions will lead to effective behaviors in teaching.With this, initial certification programs will have to put more emphasis on disposition of incoming teachers, still along with intellect and skills. It can be observed that even the most intelligent teacher may turn out to be the worst without the desired aspects of disposition and skills. The right mix of intelligence, skills, and disposition has to be identified and this will have to be incorporated in the initial certification programs for teachers. Moreover, human beings are created uniquely and each one will carry a different set of attitudes and beliefs.These attitudes and beliefs that a person possesses govern the actions that he/she might elicit towards the environment. Thus, no one persons can be considered perfect and will be able to possess all of the desired traits, attitudes, and beliefs as listed in the studies conducted regarding disposition. It is however, to be noted, that a lot of people will possess at least a portion of these traits, attitudes, and beliefs to become an effective teacher. The keyword to be remembered is the ability to adopt changes and the quality of being flexible.The ability to change one’s disposition to become an effective teacher should start at an early stage. As the article of Taylor and Wasicsko shows, it is already being introduced to education students in the University of Norther Iowa and other colleges in Iowa (2000). The research on dispositions has to be refined to be able to use this in theory and in practice. For preservice teachers, it is necessary for them to adopt desired traits, attitudes, and beliefs early in their careers in addition to their inherent disposition to become effective teachers.This is a good foundation for their career path as educators because it is important to be able to start with the necessary qualities. For the practic ing educator, there is the need to constantly hone personal disposition to meet the changing and growing trends in educating the society. The study of disposition is a growing part of the field of education. More research has to be done and persistent inculcation of the new-found theories is to be applied into practice to contribute to effective teaching.

Countrywide Financial The Subprime Meltdown Case Study

Are subprime loans an unethical financial instrument, or are they ethical but misused in a way that created ethical issues? Subprime loans are not considered to be an unethical financial instrument. However, their misuse results in both ethical and legal issues. Original goal of subprime lending is helping borrowers with low credit ratings or those who cannot maintain their repayment schedule to receive loans at a rate above prime loans. Subprime loans appeared in 1970s, when social activists mobilized President Administration and U.S. Congress to deal with social injustices in home ownership, and provide loan opportunities to people from low-income neighborhoods (Eastburn 14). Since then lenders could charge higher rates to this kind of borrowers due to added risk, and make loans to people with unstable credit and employment history, or low incomes. In other words, those who could not qualify for underwriting mortgage loans. Nonetheless, over time good intentions behind subprime lending were forgotten when money and success became the highest priority of mortgage companies. Their lack of morality and ethics resulted in predatory lending practices, liar loans, and fraudulent misrepresentation of the market and credit risk, enhanced by Wall Street appetite for mortgage-backed securities. According to Eastburn, these securities were sold on the secondary market, and made mortgage firms offer more and more loans, seduced by opportunity to reap higher profits. Some loan originators encouraged people who already own a house to take on larger mortgages, even if they were unable to afford it (4). Furthermore, loan makers and real estate agents intentionally misused subprime loans because their commissions did not depend on future circumstances of the borrower, who was misled and could not meet their mortgage payments overtime. Discuss the ethical issues that caused the downfall of Countrywide Financial. As Edmund Brown, California Attorney General once said: â€Å"Countrywide Financial Corporation’s lending practices turned the American dream into a nightmare for tens of thousands of families by putting them into loans they could not understand or ultimately could not afford.† (Eastburn 15)   Between 2002 and 2007, the revenues of Countrywide Financial Corporation jumped from 4.3 billion to 11.4 billion dollars due to their strategy related to subprime mortgages and loans with no down-payments, while the risk of default and foreclosure was carefully hid (Eastburn 8). Their unethical approaches led to legal charges, revealed the misuse of subprime loans, and inevitably resulted in the downfall of Countrywide Financial. Countrywide Financial Corporation is now officially in the top of liar loan providers (O’Brian). Liar loan borrowers did not provide any information on their income or assets (â€Å"Countrywide Financial Case†). They paid higher interest rates and fees, and ultimately could not afford loan payments or refinance their houses due to housing price fall. Investigations showed that 90 percent of liar loan borrowers provided wrong information in their applications in order to qualify for the loan. Possibly employees of Countrywide helped applicants to falsify their information (Ferrel 389). As of June 30, 2008, according to the case â€Å"Department of Legal Affairs (Florida) v. Countrywide Financial Corp. et. al.,† the company was charged of predatory lending practices. Predatory loans are defined as any loan which would be rejected by a borrower in case of full understanding and knowledge of the loan terms and alternatives available. This kind of loans usually involved fraud, deception, and manipulation in order to make a borrower agree to illegal or unethical terms. It was proved that Countrywide Financial failed to follow industry and its own underwriting standards, convinced borrowers to take loans they were unable to afford and pay off (Ferrel 389). In addition, the company unethically exploited â€Å"teaser† rates, which allowed families for a low monthly payment during the first several years. Besides, mortgage underwriters received bonuses for certain volume of approved mortgages (Gershon). According to Securities and Exchange Commission, from 2005 and 2007 the company was intentionally misusing its underwriting guidelines and providing extremely risky loans to achieve higher profits. Additional claims state that in order to maximize profit the company offered subprime loans to borrowers eligible for regular loans (Ferrel 389). Another unethical issue of Countrywide Financial was connected to its VIP loan program. According to this program, friends of Angelo Mozilo, Chief executive of Countrywide Financial, as well as those, who could help the company through regulatory and legislative matters, such as supporting the subprime market with favorable laws. This misconduct took place in spite of the fact that company’s ethics code did not allow directors or other employees to influence any kind of decisions of government workers by giving or promising favors, money, loan, or even gifts worth hundred dollars or more (Eastburn 14). Thus, many influential people like U.S. Senators, members of Senate Budget and Finance Committees, and Cabinet members received VIP loans from the Countrywide Financial. How should Bank of America deal with potential ethical and legal misconduct discovered at Countrywide? Right after Bank of America acquired Countrywide Financial, it started to resolve ethical and legal misconduct of the corporation. They signed an agreement with state attorneys general to settle Countrywide’s lending practices. In addition, they contacted hundred thousand of potentially eligible borrowers, and modified loans of some of them with pay-option mortgages or subprime (Eastburn 15). Even though Bank of America is incapable of helping all the victims of Countrywide Financial, it has to do its best to regain trust, find all employees engaged in unethical practices or illegal misconduct, and punish them according to the law. In addition, clear ethic code and laws of conduct must be developed and discussed within the company in order to prevent unethical or illegal practices from happening in the future. Management team of Bank of America must develop a new strategy showing that mortgage lending practices are not solely in the interest of company’s long-term financial objectives, but in the best interest of loan receivers and secondary market investors. This mission must be supported by real practices that would protect people from losing their money and homes they cannot afford. Unfortunately, after exploiting the American dream and acting like a mass-production loan factory, Countrywide Financial and all other mortgage companies lost their credibility and trustworthiness (O’Brian). In conclusion it is important to mention, that Bank of America has its own history of fraud and unethical practices available in the news. For this reason, the main ethical question arises: can business be ethical when billions of dollars are at stake? Massive fraud we are observing in contemporary market economy can be dealt by law and the fear of embarrassment by the media capable of ruining company’s reputation.   As a result, legal penalties introduced by the state government, as well as media activities of journalists and television channels will force companies to avoid legal and ethical misconduct. Works Cited â€Å"Countrywide Financial Case Study.† AFL-CIO America’s Union Movement. 22 Dec. 2010. http://www.aflcio.org/corporatewatch/paywatch/retirementsecurity/case_countrywide.cfm Eastburn, Ronald W. â€Å"Countrywide Financial Corporation and the Subprime Mortgage Debacle†. Case Western Reserve University. 22 Dec. 2010. https://www.salemstate.edu/search/?cx=011650682194731365967%3Aamrnu76z2bwcof=FORID%3A10ie=UTF-8q=countrywide+debaclesa.x=0sa.y=0sa=Search Ferrel, O. C., and John Fraedrich. Business Ethics 2009 Update: Ethical Decision Making and Cases. 7th ed. South-Western College Pub, 2009. Gershon, Eric. â€Å"Countrywide Financial Issues   Checks in Subprime Mortgage Settlement.† 16 Feb. 2010. Hartford Courant. 22 Dec. 2010. http://articles.courant.com/2010-02-16/business/hc-blumenthal-countrywide.artfeb16_1_countrywide-attorney-general-richard-blumenthal-payments O’Brian, Gael. Countrywide: How Artificial Reality Trumped Leadership. 21 Oct. 2010. Business Ethics: The Magazine of Corporate Responsibility. 22 Dec. 2010. http://business-ethics.com/2010/10/31/1739-countrywide-financial-how-artificial-reality-trumped-leadership/